2023卷临天下《全国100所名校单元测试示范卷》·高三英语答案·全国人教Y卷

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In 1822 Gregor Mendal was born on a farm in Austria. His father found that Mendal was interested in plants. He knew that his son was clever, and he Mendal to high school. At that time people attended high school. However, since his father could not give him enough money, he always went . Luckily, the other students always gave him food from their Later, Mendal became a monk(修道士)and his studies. He took care of the gardens at the where he and the other monks lived, and he did with pea plants for eight years. He wanted to prove that parents features to their children. Around 1860, Mendal that plants have recessive and dominant(显性的) genes.

He grew a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. Every one of the first generation of four pea plants was tall. This that tall was the dominate gene. in the next generation of four pea plants, one plant was very . The recessive short genes it received from both of its parents had made it short.

From these experiments, he understood that dominant genes the most often in the . Recessive genes only appeared and only when both parents carried the genes for the features.

To his finding with others, he wrote a paper. But during his lifetime, no one what he had discovered. At the time of his death, he still felt very sad.

, his important discovery was accepted in 1990. We now know that both plants and animals have genes and that genes play a major role in we look, how we act, and whether or not we are to get certain diseases. Today we honor Mendal as Father of hereditizm(遗传学).

1.A. drove B. sent C. forced D. had

2.A. few B. a few C. many D. a lot

3.A. anxious B. crazy C. hungry D. straight

4.A. plates B. dining-rooms C. dorms D. lunches

5.A. lasted B. stuck C. started D. continued

6.A. village B. hometown C. temple D. school

7.A. researches B. surveys C. observations D. experiments

8.A. passed B. gave C. offered D. hid

9.A. noticed B. discovered C. declared D. prove

10.A. agreed B. meant C. announced D. informed

11.A. Thus B. Instead C. Despite D. Yet

12.A. strange B. fine C. short D. cool

13.A. showed up B. stood out C. set aside D. turned on

14.A. parents B. students C. children D. monks

15.A. seldom B. sometimes C. actually D. mainly

16.A. compare B. share C. satisfy D. cooperate

17.A. concerned with B. worried about C. trusted in D. cared about

18.A. However B. Though C. Finally D. Regardless

19.A. how B. what C. where D. which

20.A. possible B. obvious C. able D. likely

试题答案

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.A

5.D

6.C

7.D

8.A

9.B

10.B

11.D

12.C

13.A

14.C

15.B

16.B

17.D

18.C

19.A

20.D

【解析】

试题分析：孟德尔是一位奥地利遗传学家，神职人员，遗传学的奠基人。本文向我们介绍了孟德尔定律。

1.考查动词和语境理解。. A. drove 开车B. sent派送C. forced 强迫D. had拥有。爸爸发现聪明的孟德尔对植物很感兴趣，他就送儿子上了高中。选B。

2.考查形容词和语境理解. A. few 很少B. a few 一些C. many 许多D. a lot许多；非常。在那个时期，人们生活很拮据，很少有人上高中。选A。

3.考查形容词和语境理解. A. anxious 着急的B. crazy疯狂的 C. hungry 饿的D. straight直接的。根据下一句，幸运的是其他同学和他分享食物，得知因为爸爸不能给孟德尔足够的钱，他总是挨饿。选C..。

4.考查名词和语境理解。. A. plates 盘子B. dining-rooms 餐厅C. dorms 宿舍D. lunches午餐。. 幸运的是其他同学和他分享自己盘子中的食物， 选A。

5.考查动词和语境理解。. A. lasted 持续B. stuck 困住C. started 开始D. continued继续。后来孟德尔成为一位修道士，可以继续他的学业。选D.。

6.考查名词和语境理解. A. village 村庄B. hometown家乡 C. temple寺庙；修道院D. school学校。他在自己和其他神职人员居住的修道院里照顾着花园的植物。选 C..。

7.考查名词和语境理解. A. researches 研究B. surveys调查C. observations 观察D. experiments实验。他进行了8年的豌豆杂交实验。选D.。

8.考查动词和语境理解。. A. passed经过B. gave给予C. offered提供D. hid隐藏。他想要证明遗传学，母体总是繁育同样的后代，选A。

9.考查动词和语境理解。. A. noticed注意到B. discovered发现C. declared 宣布D. prove证明。他发现了植物有显性性状、隐性性状等重要概念，后人称之为孟德尔定律。选B。

10.考查动词和语境理解。. A. agreed 同意B. meant 意味着C. announced 宣布D. informed通知。孟德尔人工地将一个高的同一个矮的品种进行杂交，获得了只产生高植株的种子。这就意味着高的因子是显性，而矮的因子是隐性，因此杂交后第一代的植株全都是高的。选B。

11.考查副词和语境理解. A. Thus因此B. Instead 相反C. Despite 尽管D. Yet然而。前面说到杂交后第一代的植株全都是高的。后面说生出一个矮的植物，前后表示转折。选D.。

12.考查形容词和语境理解. A. strange 奇怪的B. fine好的C. short矮的D. cool凉爽的。前面杂交后第一代的植株全都是高的。后面说生出一个矮的植物。有一植株非常矮是因为它从母体遗传了隐形矮基因。选C..。

13.考查动词短语和语境理解. A. showed up出现B. stood out突出C. set aside 搁置一边D. turned on打开。从这些实验中，孟德尔明白了具有决定高度性状的因子经常出现，亲体赋予因子身上。选A。

14.考查名词和语境理解. A. parents 父母B. students学生C. children孩子们D. monks修道士；和尚。出现在下一代身上。选C..。

15.考查副词和语境理解. A. seldom很少B. sometimes 有时C. actually事实上D. mainly主要。隐性基因只是偶尔或两个高因子在一起，或者两个矮因子在一起，组合将会繁育出同样的后代，各自生出全是高的或全是矮的植物，选B。

16.考查动词和语境理解。. A. compare比较B. share分享C. satisfy满意D. cooperate合作。为了能和其他人分享他的实验成果，他发表了论文。选B。

17.考查形容词短语和语境理解. A. concerned with相关 B. worried about担心C. trusted in信任D. cared about关心。但是在他在世期间，他的这些发现当时并未受到学术界的重视。到他去世时，仍然感到很伤心。选D.。

18.考查副词和语境理解. A. However然而B. Though尽管C. Finally最后D. Regardless不管，不顾。最后在1990年，他的重大发现被世人所接受。选 C..。

19.考查连词和语境理解. A. how 如何B. what 什么C. where哪里D. which哪一个。现在我们知道基因在我们的外表如何和行为方面扮演着重要的角色。选A。

20.考查形容词和语境理解. A. possible可能的B. obvious明显的C. able有能力的D. likely可能的。基因也决定是否我们可能遗传某种疾病。从此孟德尔被公认为科学遗传学的奠基人。选D.。

考点：人物故事类文章